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diff --git a/content/blog/nix/migrating-vaultwarden.md b/content/blog/nix/migrating-vaultwarden.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a095070 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/blog/nix/migrating-vaultwarden.md @@ -0,0 +1,213 @@ +--- +title: Migrating vaultwarden to nixos +description: How I migrated my vaultwarden installation to nixos +date: 2023-12-20 +tags: +- nix +- vaultwarden +--- + +## Introduction + +I am migrating several services from a k3s kubernetes cluster to a nixos server. Here is how I performed the operation with my [vaultwarden](https://github.com/dani-garcia/vaultwarden) password manager. + +## Vaultwarden with nixos + +Vaultwarden is packaged on nixos, but I am used to the hosting the container image and upgrading it at my own pace so I am sticking with it for now. + +Here is the module I wrote to deploy a vaultwarden container, configure postgresql and borg backups in `apps/vaultwarden/app.nix`: +```nix +{ config, lib, pkgs, ... }: +{ + imports = [ + ../../lib/nginx.nix + ../../lib/postgresql.nix + ]; + environment.etc = { + "borg-vaultwarden-db.key" = { + mode = "0400"; + source = ./borg-db.key; + }; + "borg-vaultwarden-storage.key" = { + mode = "0400"; + source = ./borg-storage.key; + }; + }; + services = { + borgbackup.jobs = let defaults = { + compression = "auto,zstd"; + doInit = true; + encryption.mode = "none"; + prune.keep = { + daily = 14; + weekly = 4; + monthly = 3; + }; + startAt = "daily"; + }; in { + "vaultwarden-db" = defaults // { + environment.BORG_RSH = "ssh -i /etc/borg-vaultwarden-db.key"; + paths = "/tmp/vaultwarden.sql"; + postHook = "rm -f /tmp/vaultwarden.sql"; + preHook = ''rm -f /tmp/vaultwarden.sql; /run/current-system/sw/bin/pg_dump -h localhost -U vaultwarden -d vaultwarden > /tmp/vaultwarden.sql''; + repo = "ssh://borg@gcp.adyxax.org/srv/borg/vaultwarden-db"; + }; + "vaultwarden-storage" = defaults // { + environment.BORG_RSH = "ssh -i /etc/borg-vaultwarden-storage.key"; + paths = "/srv/vaultwarden"; + repo = "ssh://borg@gcp.adyxax.org/srv/borg/vaultwarden-storage"; + }; + }; + nginx.virtualHosts = let commons = { + forceSSL = true; + locations = { + "/" = { + proxyPass = "http://127.0.0.1:8083"; + }; + }; + }; in { + "pass.adyxax.org" = commons // { + sslCertificate = "/etc/nginx/adyxax.org.crt"; + sslCertificateKey = "/etc/nginx/adyxax.org.key"; + }; + }; + postgresql = { + ensureUsers = [{ + name = "vaultwarden"; + ensureDBOwnership = true; + }]; + ensureDatabases = ["vaultwarden"]; + }; + }; + virtualisation.oci-containers.containers = { + vaultwarden = { + environment = { + ADMIN_TOKEN = builtins.readFile ./argon-token.key; + DATABASE_MAX_CONNS = "2"; + DATABASE_URL = "postgres://vaultwarden:" + (lib.removeSuffix "\n" (builtins.readFile ./database-password.key)) + "@10.88.0.1/vaultwarden?sslmode=disable"; + }; + image = "vaultwarden/server:1.30.1"; + ports = ["127.0.0.1:8083:80"]; + volumes = [ "/srv/vaultwarden/:/data" ]; + }; + }; +} +``` + +## Dependencies + +### Borg + +Borg needs to be running on another server with the following configuration stored in my `apps/vaultwarden/borg.nix` file: +```nix +{ config, pkgs, ... }: +{ + imports = [ + ../../lib/borg.nix + ]; + users.users.borg.openssh.authorizedKeys.keys = [ + ("command=\"borg serve --restrict-to-path /srv/borg/vaultwarden-db\",restrict " + (builtins.readFile ./borg-db.key.pub)) + ("command=\"borg serve --restrict-to-path /srv/borg/vaultwarden-storage\",restrict " + (builtins.readFile ./borg-storage.key.pub)) + ]; +} +``` + +### PostgreSQL + +My postgreSQL module defines the following global configuration: +```nix +{ config, lib, pkgs, ... }: +{ + networking.firewall.interfaces."podman0".allowedTCPPorts = [ 5432 ]; + services.postgresql = { + enable = true; + enableTCPIP = true; + package = pkgs.postgresql_15; + authentication = pkgs.lib.mkOverride 10 '' + #type database DBuser auth-method + local all all trust + # podman + host all all 10.88.0.0/16 scram-sha-256 + ''; + }; +} +``` + +Since for now I am running nothing outside of containers on this server, I am trusting the unix socket connections. Depending on what you are doing you might want a stronger auth-method there. + +### Nginx + +My nginx module defines the following global configuration: +```nix +{ config, lib, pkgs, ... }: +{ + environment.etc = let permissions = { mode = "0400"; uid= config.ids.uids.nginx; }; in { + "nginx/adyxax.org.crt" = permissions // { source = ../../01-legacy/adyxax.org.crt; }; + "nginx/adyxax.org.key" = permissions // { source = ../../01-legacy/adyxax.org.key; }; + }; + networking.firewall.allowedTCPPorts = [ 80 443 ]; + services.nginx = { + clientMaxBodySize = "40M"; + enable = true; + enableReload = true; + recommendedGzipSettings = true; + recommendedOptimisation = true; + recommendedProxySettings = true; + }; +} +``` + +### Secrets + +There are several secrets referenced in the configuration, these are all git-crypted files: +- argon-token.key +- borg-db.key +- borg-storage.key +- database-password.key + +## Migration process + +The first step is obviously to deploy this new configuration to the server, then I need to login and manually restore the backups. +```sh +make run host=myth.adyxax.org +``` + +The container will be failing because no password is set on the database user yet, so I stop it: +```sh +systemctl stop podman-vaultwarden +``` + +There are two backup jobs for vaultwarden: one for its storage and the second one for the database. +```sh +export BORG_RSH="ssh -i /etc/borg-vaultwarden-storage.key" +borg list ssh://borg@gcp.adyxax.org/srv/borg/vaultwarden-storage +borg extract ssh://borg@gcp.adyxax.org/srv/borg/vaultwarden-storage::dalinar-vaultwarden-storage-2023-11-19T00:00:01 +mv srv/vaultwarden /srv/ +``` + +```sh +export BORG_RSH="ssh -i /etc/borg-vaultwarden-db.key" +borg list ssh://borg@gcp.adyxax.org/srv/borg/vaultwarden-db +borg extract ssh://borg@gcp.adyxax.org/srv/borg/vaultwarden-db::dalinar-vaultwarden-db-2023-11-19T00:00:01 +``` + +Restoring the data itself is done with the psql shell: +```sh +psql -h localhost -U postgres -d vaultwarden +ALTER USER vaultwarden WITH PASSWORD 'XXXXX'; +\i tmp/vaultwarden.sql +``` + +Afterwards I clean up the database dump and restart vaultwarden: +```sh +rm -rf tmp/ +systemctl start podman-vaultwarden +``` + +To wrap this up I migrate the DNS records to the new host, update my monitoring system and clean up the namespace on the k3s server. + +## Conclusion + +Automating things with nixos is satisfying, but it does not abstract all the sysadmin's work away. + +I am not quite satisfied with my borg configuration entries. I should be able to write this more elegantly when I find the time, but it works. |